Eating disorders can have lasting effects on your reproductive health. Recent research1 indicates those with a history of eating disorders are more likely to experience challenges with conception.
Fertility challenges related to a history of eating disorders are common. A fertility specialist can help you understand how past or current eating behaviors may be influencing your reproductive health. SGF providers work with you to create a care plan that supports both your physical and emotional well-being while focusing on your family-building goals.
The connection between eating disorders and fertility
Female fertility is impacted by overall physical health, a dynamic balance of hormones, ovarian function and uterine function, all of which can be disrupted by disordered eating.
Eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) can cause:
- Oligo-ovulation, irregular release of an egg
- Anovulation, or the absence of ovulation
- Amenorrhea, missing periods
- Low estrogen levels
- Low body weight or BMI
- Disruptions to the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis the hormonal system that regulates fertility
Even if you’re not currently experiencing symptoms—or are in recovery—these effects can persist and may impact your ability to conceive.
What if I’ve recovered?
Recovery from an eating disorder is a powerful step toward reclaiming your health. Still, it’s important to know that your fertility might not bounce back right away.
Some people may regain their menstrual cycles after recovery, while others may continue to experience subtle changes due to irregular ovulation. These outcomes are not a reflection of how well you’ve recovered—just of how complex the body’s systems can be.
In addition to fertility, the menstrual cycle is an indicator of hormonal health. If your menses are irregular or light, you may not be getting enough estrogen to support your bone, brain, or vascular health.
If you’ve ever had an eating disorder or struggled with disordered eating behaviors, it’s worth checking in with a fertility specialist—even if you’re not trying to conceive right now.
What to expect when you see a fertility specialist
A fertility consultation is a low-pressure, informative visit that can provide valuable insight into your reproductive health. During your appointment, your provider may recommend:
- Hormone testing to assess ovarian function
- Ultrasound imaging to evaluate your ovaries and uterus
- Discussion of your menstrual history, lifestyle, and family-building goals
If you’re actively trying to conceive, your specialist can work with you to create a personalized treatment plan that supports your physical and emotional health.
If you’re planning ahead, they can walk you through options like egg freezing or fertility preservation.
Fertility care that supports your full health journey
Disordered eating is a medical condition, and it deserves to be considered as part of your whole health picture.
Fertility care should be compassionate, respectful, and personalized. Our team works closely with mental health professionals and registered dietitians to ensure that your care plan honors your unique history and your future goals.
Take the next step
If you’ve had an eating disorder or are currently managing one, talk with a fertility specialist about your reproductive health. Understanding your body’s needs now can help you feel more confident about your next steps—whenever you’re ready.
The National Eating Disorders Association provides resources to help those affected by eating disorders.
- Equip. (2024, March 26). Fertility and eating disorders: Survey finds patients triggered, untreated, and unsupported. Equip Health. https://equip.health/articles/news-and-research/fertility-survey
Medical contribution by Lauren Kendall-Rauchfuss, M.D.
Lauren Kendall-Rauchfuss, M.D., FACOG, completed her residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology at the prestigious Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, where she also completed her fellowship in Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility. Dr. Kendall-Rauchfuss brings her expertise, warmth, and dedication to SGF Orlando, where she is eager to help patients achieve their dreams of building a family.
